In this talk, I intend to give a brief introduction to Systems and Control theory, which is my primary area of research. In general, the word system is used to describe a collection of state variables whose evolution in time is described by either a Partial or an Ordinary differential equation. For example, predator and prey in a forest constitute an ecological system where the state variables of interest are the population of predator and prey. The differential equation governing the evolution of the state as a function of time is called a mathematical model. The word control usually refers to acting on the system in order to obtain a desired behavior. In the context of the forest, control could be understood as acting on the system by means of an external input in order to maintain favorable population levels for the predator and prey. There are a variety of methods that are available to model and control systems. Solving the differential equation model for its state and verifying its behavior by comparing its state to acceptable norms forms the subject matter of Systems and Control theory. The importance of the subject can be well understood through the following quote by Aristotle which can be found in Chapter 3, Book 1of his famous monograph Politics: “if every instrument can accomplish its own work, obeying or anticipating the will of others ... if the shuttle weaved and the pick touched the lyre without a hand to guide them, chief workmen would not need servants nor masters slaves.” The sentence describes the guiding goal of Systems and Control theory i.e. the need for automating processes to let the human being gain in liberty, freedom and quality of life.